Vasomotor Rhinitis
Vasomotor (nonallergic) rhinitis occurs when the tissues inside your nose become inflamed, leading to symptoms commonly associated with allergies, such as a runny or stuffy nose. Unlike allergic rhinitis (hay fever), its symptoms have no known cause and are likely triggered by irritants affecting the nose. It can be caused by various factors like weather changes, smells, eating, exercise, and medications.
Who is Likely to Have Vasomotor Rhinitis?
While anyone can develop vasomotor rhinitis, it is often diagnosed after the age of 20, with the majority of cases occurring between ages 30 and 60. It is more prevalent in women and individuals assigned female at birth.
How Common is Vasomotor Rhinitis?
Vasomotor rhinitis accounts for 15% to half of all cases of allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, affecting up to half of the population in industrialized countries.
Symptoms and Causes
Common Triggers Associated with Vasomotor Rhinitis
Vasomotor rhinitis can be triggered by various factors, including:
- Environmental changes
- Medications
- Hormonal imbalances
What Causes Vasomotor Rhinitis?
Unlike allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis is not linked to specific allergens but can be triggered by heightened sensitivity to substances and environmental changes.
Symptoms of Vasomotor Rhinitis
Symptoms persist year-round and include:
- Stuffy or runny nose
- Postnasal drip
- Sneezing
- Diminished sense of smell
Is Vasomotor Rhinitis Contagious?
No, vasomotor rhinitis is not contagious as it is unrelated to infectious agents like viruses or bacteria.
Diagnosis and Tests
How is Nonallergic Rhinitis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves:
- Physical exam
- Medical history review
- Further tests (allergy testing, nasal endoscopy, CT scan, or nasal inspiratory flow test)
Management and Treatment
Is Vasomotor Rhinitis Curable?
There is no cure, but symptoms can be managed through:
- Self-care
- Environmental changes
- Medication
How is Vasomotor Rhinitis Treated?
Treatment options include:
- Avoiding triggers
- Over-the-counter or prescribed medications
- Surgery (in severe cases)
Complications Associated with Vasomotor Rhinitis
Untreated vasomotor rhinitis may lead to complications such as:
- Middle ear infections
- Nasal polyps
- Sinusitis
- Difficulty sleeping
- Difficulty concentrating
Prevention
Can Vasomotor Rhinitis Be Prevented?
It cannot be prevented, but the risk can be reduced by avoiding known triggers.
Outlook/Prognosis
What is the Prognosis for Vasomotor Rhinitis?
It is often a chronic condition, with symptoms coming and going over time.
Living With
When Should I Contact My Doctor?
If you experience persistent symptoms such as a runny or stuffy nose or postnasal drip, consult a healthcare provider for diagnosis and recommended treatments.