Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is an immune system disorder characterized by low levels of protective proteins, or antibodies, which help the body fight infections. Individuals with CVID experience frequent infections in the ears, sinuses, and respiratory system.

Increased Risks

In addition to infections, individuals with CVID are at a higher risk for:

• Digestive disorders
• Autoimmune disorders
• Blood disorders
• Cancer

CVID can sometimes be inherited, meaning it runs in families.

Symptoms

The severity of symptoms varies widely among individuals with CVID. Symptoms can appear during childhood or adolescence, but many people don't show signs until adulthood.

Common Symptoms

• Repeated infections, particularly:
  • Pneumonia
  • Sinusitis
  • Ear infections
  • Gastrointestinal infections

Causes

The exact cause of CVID is unknown in most cases. Approximately 10% of individuals with CVID have been found to have a genetic mutation. Researchers believe CVID results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, though the specific environmental triggers remain unclear.

Clinical Trials

Research is ongoing to find new treatments and improve the management of CVID. The Mayo Clinic is conducting studies to explore innovative treatments, interventions, and tests to better understand and manage this condition.